Hephaestus Made Up Story Essay Example for Free

Hephaestus Made Up Story Essay â€Å"Where am I?† asked Hephaestus, confounded and hurt. â€Å"Why you’re on Lemnos Island, you endured a serious shot. I’m speculating you planned something for make Zeus troubled, am I right?† said Thetis, a Nereid fairy. Furthermore, unexpectedly Hephaestus recollected that it all. Seeing his mom, Hera, all tied up and Zeus madder than any time in recent memory. As he experienced all the feelings again he painstakingly hated the entirety of the awful musings and put a detached face on; there was no motivation to frighten his new companion off. â€Å"Something like that,† he scarcely answered. â€Å"Well, I’m sure you’re injured. I will take you to the Sintian Men; they will be capable of you, for the time being. Alright, Hephaestus?† said Thetis. There was no reaction. â€Å"Poor kid,† murmured Thetis as she took him to the Sintian Men. The next day Hephaestus woke up in a new spot, loaded with new individuals. â€Å"Who right? What do you want?† Hephaestus beseeched. â€Å"We are the Sintian Men, we intend no mischief. We’re here to help you.† said one of the men. Also, starting there on the Sintian Men and Hephaestus turned out to be exceptionally close acceptable buddies. Hephaestus before long began to turn out to be very notable around the island, and everybody needed to meet him. He was a superstar, injured yet well known. I never had this much consideration, he thought. I essentially know everybody here, similar to my own paradise. And afterward with an impulse he saw Aerdna, just because. A million of inquiries hurried to his head: who right? Where is she from? Has she generally been here? I have to become more acquainted with her. Timid and considerable Hephaestus immediately withdrew and returned home. There he made an arrangement, with cunning included. He chose to charm her. Hephaestus, the god that had the exceptional endowment of building expressive arts, delicately made a lovely scallop shell. He wanted to offer it to Aerdna as a token of his affection. She happily acknowledged it, for she also had affections for him. Presently, right now, Aphrodite was going to get tossed out of the sky. â€Å"I can’t go! I’ll do anything!† she argued to Zeus. Zeus just giggled and answered, â€Å"You must wed the child of my better half: Hephaestus. He is situated on Lemnos Island. Be that as it may, good karma with that. For I see he has gotten himself another woman.† Hephaestus with another lady? I don’t accept so. This won’t do. She pondered internally. At the point when I see it, I’ll trust it. In this way, Aphrodite made an outing to Lemnos Island and discovered that what Zeus said was valid. â€Å"I am dismayed! I will change the entirety of this, I will keep my spot as the goddess of excellence if it’s the exact opposite thing I do!† hollered Aphrodite. Rapidly and cunningly, Aphrodite made an arrangement. She would bait Aerdna into a cavern and murder her at that moment. At that point she will go to Hephaestus and request his submit marriage. Be that as it may, as we as a whole know, not everything consistently goes as arranged. Aphrodite effectively baited her prey into the cavern yet when Aerdna got the substance of what was occurring she attempted to flee. At long last, Aerdna transformed into the scallop shell Hephaestus gave her; which later on would turn into an indication of Aphrodite. Aphrodite and Hephaestus later at that point got hitched. Aphrodite r emained being a goddess and Hephaestus never truly made sense of what occurred with his one genuine romance.

Late Bloomers Free Essays

At the principal trace of work, she is raced to the emergency clinic with dread and energy. Long stretches of agonizing compressions assume control over her body yet the information on before long gathering her unborn kid keeps her holding tight. After conveyance she holds her infant child in her arms. We will compose a custom exposition test on Slowpokes or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now She doesn't know until years after the fact how subordinate upon her this kid will turn into. Josh doesn't react well to sounds or faces however the doctor’s test his hearing and discover nothing incorrectly. A couple of years after the fact this mother sees that her child is a â€Å"late bloomer† when he has not yet figured out how to walk or endeavor to talk. His appearance resembles other youngsters his age however his capacities are restricted. Josh can't highlight items or hold his arms out for adoration. He drives from warmth needing to be disregarded to play with his toy vehicles. Josh discovers fun in fluttering his arms and snickering, for the most part at wrong occasions. School has come yet Josh doesn't talk. At the point when he starts to talk, he talks in a monotonous jabbering way that is difficult to comprehend. He fears school and obscure appearances. At the point when he shows up home from school, he is monotonous in development and exercises. Josh paces the floor in roundabout movements and now and again hits his head against the floor. Josh does poor in school since he neglects to focus. He has poor eye to eye connection and is regularly observed with his hands over his ears. At this point, his mom has understood that he isn't a â€Å"late bloomer†, something isn't right with her youngster. After numerous tests and perceptions, Josh is determined to have mental imbalance, an infection that isn't treatable. He will live with this social inability for an amazing remainder. Josh’s mother is worried that she is to be faulted for his handicap. She counsels her PCP about the reason for this malady. It is conceivable that infections and hereditary qualities have a job in Josh’s chemical imbalance yet neurological harm is the best bet. Contingent on the seriousness of Josh’s incapacity he could possibly have the option to think about himself later on. He is absolutely reliant upon his mom for his essential needs throughout everyday life. The above story is a normal situation of a youngster with chemical imbalance. â€Å"Autism is a serious formative issue portrayed by significant language postponement and outrageous social withdrawal (San Jose Mercury News). Mental imbalance influences ordinary improvement of the mind having to do with social collaborations and verbal abilities. Mentally unbalanced individuals for the most part make some hard memories identifying with the outside world. They are regularly portrayed as being in an ice square. The reason for chemical imbalance is as yet dubious in any case, analysts from everywhere throughout the world are giving time and vitality into finding the reason. Neurological harm can happen in any kid for any number of reasons. This is the reason mental imbalance is so difficult to analyze and treat. This sickness can influence anybody and any race. Neurological harm can be brought about by numerous things part of the regular daily existence, for example, antibodies. Because of a 273% mental imbalance increment over the most recent ten years in California, the U.S. Division of Education propelled an examination study. â€Å"It was chosen to target moms who had gotten a live infection immunization after the age of 16, regardless of whether they had a medically introverted child.† (Yazbak, F. Edward, MD, FAAP 1999) The guess was that antibodies which the youngster had gotten from it’s mother had some how blended in with the immunization to make medically introverted outcomes. Moms got the immunization to meet necessities for advanced education; business related antibodies, or inability to respond to past antibodies. 200 forty guardians of medically introverted youngsters and moms who had gotten immunizations were considered. Seven investigations are talked about in ‘Autism: Is there an antibody connection?’ â€Å"Six out of seven youngsters (85%) who came about because of these pregnancies were determined to have mental imbalance, and the seventh, (case 1) whose mother got a measles immunization, displays manifestations which propose medically introverted spectrum† (Yazbak, F. Edward, MD, FAAP 1999). Research is as yet being directed on antibodies given to pregnant ladies and how the immunizations impact the unborn kid. Different instances of chemical imbalance are being inquired about, as neurological innovation is opening up. Hereditary qualities, for instance, are being examined for imperfections and pictures are being taken of the minds in progress. â€Å"Phenylketonuria (a mind malady) is a simply hereditary ailment that can cause mental retardation† (Cook, Jr., Edwin H. 1999). On the off chance that it is discovered right off the bat in youth, dietary treatment can forestall this ailment. It is conceivable chemical imbalance might be dealt with a similar way, but since this hypothesis and numerous others are new, subsidizing and look into just started. Discharge is likewise a treatment that can help with chemical imbalance. â€Å"It is one of the hormones that controls digestion† (Lloyd, John Wills 1998). Discharge is radiated into the unfilled stomach by cells in the stomach related framework to invigorate the liver and stomach to create proteins that assistant to assimilation, and liquids that kill the causticity of the digestion tracts. Pituitary adenylate cyclase actuation polypeptide (PACAP) is additionally utilized. PACAP, a peptide that is utilized to cure ailment, for example, ulcers, however has a symptom of smothering films which cause medically introverted kids to act anomalous has been found. At the point when given to rodents, deferred responses were found in light of boisterous clamors and open spaces. At the point when youngsters got emission, their eye to eye connection improved and sharpness and expressive language were seen (Horvath, Stefanatos, Sokolski, Wachtel, Nabor Tildon, 1998). The Tomatis Method is a very different methodology. The point of the Tomatis Method is to create or restore correspondence when it had been lost or disabled utilizing the ear and its different capacities (Sollier, Pierre 1996) Tomatis treats the kid not the illness. This treatment isn't a fix; it is just used to improve the lives of mentally unbalanced youngsters. 60% of the kids treated show upgrades, for example, more clear discourse, more eye to eye connection, and association with other youngsters and educator. Guardians have been accounted for that Tomatis Method accelerates different treatments and makes life simpler. Like all medicines, there are acceptable and awful days. Occasionally the kids return to their own reality and again become loners. Tomatis has discovered another approach to recover these youngsters. To restored correspondence, Tomatis centers around the vestibule, the inward piece of the ear. â€Å"There isn't one single muscle of the body, including the muscles of the eyes, that isn't leveled out of the vestibular system† (Sollier, Pierre 1996). At the point when the tactile information doesn't run easily the youngster becomes assaulted with data. The disarray of the data makes the youngster pull back into his own reality to ensure himself. Tomatis calls attention to that conference and listening are two distinct things. Mentally unbalanced kids can't concentrate on the right data coming into his detects. We all hear foundation clamor, yet decide to concentrate on bits of data that are critical to us. A medically introverted youngster doesn't be able to tune in, he may hear vehicles pass by in the city beneath and the various back ground clamors. Mentally unbalanced youngsters ‘space out† or go into their own reality to get away from the disarray of the outside world. By making a simpler path for medically introverted kids to interpret data, the craving to talk is found. To do this, directed research in which youngsters tune in to their mother’s voice. â€Å"He electronically sifted her voice, to coordinate the sounds heard in the womb† (Sollier, Pierre 1996). The kids started to bond with individuals around them. It is realized that a mother’s voice sooths youngsters, and since mentally unbalanced kids live in dread its common that Tomatis utilizes the mother’s voice to sooth those feelings of trepidation. As innovation opens up numerous treatments will be made to improve the life of medically introverted kids, however the most ideal approach to improve the child’s life is to instruct their consideration suppliers. Mental imbalance is a hopeless infection evaluated to happen in 1 of every 500 individuals (Centers for Disease and Prevention 1997). Learning the side effects and indications of mental imbalance is the initial phase in instruction and improved consideration for medically introverted youngsters. Indications of mental imbalance might be recognized when earliest stages. A few signs include: 1. Angling his/her back to keep away from contact 2. Inability to foresee being gotten A long time back guardians didn't live the weight of with mental imbalance. Most kids were taken care of in refuges to be left in their own reality, since they were not comprehended. These youngsters spent their lives not knowing some other world than their own. Today with the innovation we have, we can go into the child’s world and take him back to our own. This should all be possible with training and innovation. Step by step instructions to refer to Late Bloomers, Papers

How to Beat Age Discrimination in Your Job Search

How to Beat Age Discrimination in Your Job Search It can be quite a hurdle to leave your current workspace and try to move towards a newer future. This is especially so if you have come of a certain age, is it not? The frustration when you get the same stock answers,“You are too qualified for the position.”“Why don’t you look at the other option?”“The position is not suited for someone with as much experience as you have” can be great.And it is almost like a vicious cycle; never-ending and long. A major study published in the Journal of Applied Social Psychology had an interesting finding. It talks about how difficult it can be to get through a job once you get older. The study found out that the oldest applicants had the least luck when landing a job, even worse off than the youngest ones.However, you don’t have to fear. There are ways for you not to let your age become a problem for you when you are changing jobs. And we have a list of things that can help you overcome this barrier.HOW TO BEAT AGE DISCRIMINATION IN YOUR SEARCH FOR A JOB?You’ve had job seekers penning down how they continue to get turned down at their jobs, in spite of having stellar CV’s, all because of their age. The list of real-life examples age discrimination is an ever-growing one and does bring into question as for how you can avoid them.To do that, understand that there are quite a few stages to the discrimination and the job search. In this article, we will talk of each of these stages separately to help guide you through the process better.Stage 1: How to avoid age discrimination while applying to jobs and sending out your CVs and resumes?While applying for a job, if you don’t want your employer to know you are 55 instead of 35, a couple of very simple tricks and techniques can help.Do remember that the only reason for hiding your age in the resume is so that there is no discrimination in the minds of the employer that you are old fashioned and do not have the requisite ‘modern’ skills to help complete a jo b as it should be done. It, in the very least, allows the employer to give you a fair shot at interviewing for the job.Add just one phone number:Like you, the people who recruit you or the HR managers are almost always busy and on the move. They do not still have the time to sit down and craft a well thought out email as a response to your job application. Therefore, it is always better to have your phone number- preferably one- where the recruiters can call you and talk to you directly about your experiences and more.Also, in the off chance, you are unable to pick up a call from a potential recruiter, and it ends up going to your voicemail, make sure that your voicemail has a professional greeting message. It creates a good impression in the minds of the recruiter. Both these things are quite simple but help a lot in the preliminary stage of getting recruited.Add a ‘modern’ email ID:If you are above a certain age, there are chances, however big or small, that you are using emai l IDs from older email accounts like Hotmail. Sometimes, even a Yahoo mail falls under this category. It just screams the term ‘backdated’ and kind of lowers the interest of the employer in your resume.It is, therefore, in your best interest if you open an email account from a more modern email provider like Gmail. It helps your employer get the impression that you are more ‘in’ with the changing times. Tomorrow, if something better than Gmail turns up, it is good to have an ID on that server as well. Well, anything to get on with the times and into the good books of the recruiters.Attach a link to your Linkedin profile:LinkedIn in the business world is like Facebook in your social media world. It shows that you are modern and up to date with the changing world. It gives your potential recruiters a comprehensive idea about what your education qualifications are, and what type of experience you have working in the field.It also gives them an idea about the kind of people you associate within the business world apart from providing the recruiters a good idea about what your soft skills and core competencies are.However, it is also mandatory to make sure that your LinkedIn is up to date and has all the information and experiences of your professional life, especially of the last ten to fifteen years mentioned. Without that, the attachment would serve as a drawback rather than an advantage.Also, we have specifically say ten-fifteen years here because most employers want to see the current work that the employees have done to understand their working capabilities.A little something about yourself:Your resume needs to reflect on how you are as a person as well. Nowadays, people want to know the kind of person you are in your personal life before they try and hire you. If you listen to the blues, it should make mention.If playing badminton in your spare time is how you keep yourself fit, it should make mention. No one wants big and generic words in your resum e which do not tell them anything about you. It is all about the personal touch these days.In fact, if you are to ask most people, they’d say that personal interviews these days revolve more on the personal likes and dislikes of the candidates rather than their professional works. Most recruiters try to know of your personalities before they decide to hire you for their companies.Write about your professional experience:Of course, you know that this one is a must and there is a possibility that you feel that adding it as a point here is entirely redundant. However, it is not the case because this point might just help you is knowing what relevant information to give about the work that you have done primarily in the new century in your professional career.What people are more interested in knowing is what you have done in the past ten to fifteen years rather than in your entire professional career.This way, you have a distinct advantage of not getting discriminated against during the recruiting process. Also, try not to mention the year of your graduation as that is an obvious tell-tale regarding your age and might act as a drawback in a company looking to hire and train more younger talents.Use white spaces to your advantage:You should know that most resumes these days don’t end up getting printed to be read as a hard copy. That is because, in the age of digital technology, they are mostly blown up on the big screen and learn directly from there. Therefore, it is in your best interest that you make good use of the white space available to you and create a resume that looks good digitally.Use bold colors and fonts to make your resume visually attractive. That way not only will you be in with the latest technology but also make your potential employers believe in your abilities and catch their eyes. And trust us, in today’s day and age, it is imperative to stand out from the herd and make your presentation eye-catching at the very least.Now that the first stage is cleared and you have been given the green light to come for the personal interview, where they will be able to better asses your age difference, you are sure to have a few questions about how to proceed further. Fear not, this article discusses the second stage as well in the next part about how to avoid age discrimination in a personal interview.Stage 2: How to avoid age discrimination in a face to face interview?In this stage, where you know you have no control over hiding how old you are in real life, there are a few devices that you can choose to follow.Have an open mind:Do not go to an interview with already a multitude of preconceived notions. Do not keep thinking right from the onset that the recruiters are going to reject you based on your age itself. That will in no way, shape or form help you make a good impression on your employers.Go in with an open mind and treat the interview like you would treat any other meeting had the age factor not been a barrier. Overth inking about your age and how that will affect your performance in the minds of your prospective employer will do only one thing: make you perform below standard and directly throw you out of the running.Do not over think if you do not end up getting the job;There are many reasons apart from your age about why you may not end up getting the job you had applied for. It might be that your skill sets do not suit the job requirements or that you are not what the HR managers think would be a good fit for the company and that has nothing to do with age and more with internal company policies and the way the company is looking to expand its prospects.It might also be that the company could not choose you because of the remuneration that you are asking for in return for your services. It might also be the experience or the kind of personality that you have or even the fact that they might be looking to hire a woman when you are a man. The last part can be to add diversity and balance to the gender ratio in the office space as well.Do not jump the gun here and start looking for a lawyer to file a complaint against age discrimination in the court just as of now. That bit will be discussed later once we are explicitly sure that the company has refused to take you based on your age alone. All sorts of things might be the reason why you are not chosen for a job no matter what your age is.Have a look at your competition:It is possible that your competitor might have some edge for which he or she is selected for the role instead of you. Do not always think of your age as a barrier and keep blaming yourself for the same. You do not have any idea why someone is hiring one person and not the other.Focus on the things you can control and leave the things beyond your control out of your mind. If you see that your competitors have some skills that you are lacking, you can start learning those skills and honing them to come to par with them.No age is too late to start learning a ne w skill, and that will only help show how focussed and dedicated you are when you have put your mind on to do something.Stop thinking about your age all the time while you are sitting for an interview:There is a possibility that your employer is not even considering your age as a factor while interviewing you and if you make your age a big deal while sitting for the interview, they might start looking at your age as a negative point about you.While it is wrong to discriminate by age, it might be possible that you got or did not get the job because of reasons completely opposed to your age. Again, focus on what you can control and let go of the rest of the things.If even after all these precautions, you end up feeling that you have some sort of tangible evidence that your potential employer has discriminated against you by your age, it is time to turn to the law for help.When should you call an employment lawyer and how?Assuming that you are a layman, there is a significant possibili ty that you are not aware of how to go about asking the law to help you in your quest to seek justice from your potential employers. Fear not, there is always Google to the rescue.Make sure you google employment lawyers in your city and talk to them. They will be able to help you build up a case as per the law, and you can get your credit back in the market.However, getting into a legal tangle without real proof is not very recommended as it might blacklist you from getting a job in other domains as well. This should be an absolute backup option when you are entirely sure of your standing and have run out of alternatives.Try to control things that you can and leave the lest to your lawyers and the recruitment manager. That way things will work out better for you in general.Additional Tips To Help You Not To Get Discriminated By Your Age When You Apply For A JobNow for extra tips to avoid getting discriminated by jobs, because who does not like getting a few additional pointers, here and there? We have a list here that might just help you out a bit more in the quest for a new job.Volume is the key to your job search.As a man or a woman in the older side of the age spectrum, it must be difficult in getting a lot of job offers. However, the trick is to consistently apply for a lot of jobs because, in the end, there is a high possibility that most of your potential employers won’t judge you based on your age criteria. Instead, they will decide you by your experience.Of course, some people might end up discriminating. But the changes of those happening will be much higher if you keep pinning all your hope on only a couple of jobs here and there that you might get rejected from. Use a high volume or quantity while applying for jobs to get a better shot at not being discriminated again and bettering your chances of getting hired overall.Do Not Quit the Job Search EasilyDo not quit searching for a job easily even if you end up facing multiple rejections. We know tha t various denials take a massive hit to the ego, but it is always better to be rejected from places where you will at the end of the day not be a good match.If the need arises, you can still take a quick break to rejuvenate yourself before beginning the job search in earnest all over again!Like we have already mentioned before, look at the things you can control instead of the things you cannot. And this is the best example for that. You can control when you decide to give up and call yourself a failure. That power lies only with you and no one else.Keep trying again and again, in spite of the rejections, and you will have soon made an impact in the mind of a recruiter who would believe that you are a great fit to their company.Research well about the place you are going to apply.We’ve already mentioned that LinkedIn is like the Facebook of the business world and therefore it is but a necessity to manage your LinkedIn account well. Your LinkedIn account tells a lot about your prof essional life and interests.However, the LinkedIn account of the company you are applying for a job at also shows you a lot of stories. Is the company updated enough? What about the work environment? Do they have happy and satisfied employees? And it also answers one of the most critical questions in your mind at this stage of your job application process: “will my age be a barrier to my application process?”Through LinkedIn, you will get a rough idea about the number of people that a particular company takes in every year, and whether or not they are interested in hiring someone in their 40’s and 50’s. This can be done by looking at their current crop of employees.Apply to places that take in older people as well to have a better chance of getting employed. A place that only accepts people in their early twenties is less likely to hire you because of your age factor.Look to Network MoreThere is no shame in using your contacts to secure yourself a job when you need it. It is the norm of the industry. Why else would you make connections at the right places throughout your professional career if not to leverage it as and when you require it?If you enter a company with the help of a recommendation, it is possible that your employer would be more trusting in their disposition and will interview you without any doubts. Plus, there is a greater possibility of you getting hired by the company. The trick is not to over think but try out smart strategies.It is only but fair that you keep yourself on good terms with your network of people as they are very likely to help you get to know potential employers. They will also be the first people to let you know if there is a vacancy at their workspace in a field that will suit your portfolio the most.Networking is most certainly one of the best ways to get a job quickly and with certainty without the fear of getting discriminated against.Are you still looking to get a job that you need? Check out this video that talk s about how you can land a great job after 60. CONCLUSION:Now that you have some of the insider tips and tricks, you know how to play it smart in your next interview. Believe in yourself and your capabilities â€" you never know what lies ahead.It will help sell you in front of the potential employer who is interviewing you. If you are uncertain about your efforts, no one else is going to believe in you.Also, always remember, that one good interview or even one good impression is what it takes to land you the job that you are looking for. So, keep trying. And in case things do go south, there is always an employment laywer to help you out.

Identity Crisis Select Novels Of Salman Rushdie

IDENTITY CRISIS IN SELECT NOVELS OF SALMAN RUSHDIE The question of identity is the most controversial issue in postcolonial time and literature and it can be regarded the most important because of its crisis exist in all postcolonial communities. Due to the circumstances of post colonial era and the problematic conditions that faced newly freed nations and countries in their search and formation of self identity the crisis floated on the surface. In the following of World War II, the act of decolonization and libration of nations under colonial rule provoked a noteworthy move in the direction of recreating social and individual identities. The period also marked by the struggle of decolonization in all the levels of life, culture,†¦show more content†¦Since the identity is not a stable and fixed notion as Hall confirms ―Identity emerges as a kind of unsettled space or an unresolved question in that space, between a number of intersecting discourses and the impact of c olonial legacy was multi dimensional besides there was a different consequences of colonialism in different locations, the issue of identity appeared in different shapes and forms. Collective and individual identities also differ physically and psychologically. The resistance of decolonization process took various outlines due to countries, societies and individuals. Therefore, identity is not simply imposed. It is also chosen, and actively used, albeit within particular social contexts and constraints. Against dominant representations of others there is resistance. Within structures of dominance, there is agency. Identity crisis is the major suffering of the many people in the present day world. It is quite natural every one thinks of their own identity to grow themselves with self respect. Afro-American, British and Indian every writer nowadays focused their writings keeping in the mind the sense of identity. There is no exception to the writer like Salman Rushdie. His novels also reflect the question of identity and explore the philosophical significance of ideals and concepts.

The Carolingian Renaissance - 1472 Words

The Carolingian Renaissance is known for the cultural transitions and great achievements that were obtained in the 8th century under the direction of Charlemagne. Charlemagne, who was also known as Carolus Magnus and Charles the Great, was one of the greatest leaders during the Middle Ages. He was a military man, king of the Franks, and was appointed as Roman emperor in 800 AD. Throughout Europe, he was seen as a great example of an emperor and Christian king. Not only did he revive the political system but also the cultural life of Europe. His activities had a spectacular effect on education and culture in Francia, a debatable effect on artistic endeavors, and an immeasurable effect on what mattered most to the Carolingians, the moral†¦show more content†¦These changes included the incorporation of more illumination and decorations in the books and the study books contained some images, but they were not illustrated with color. This tendency grew into the Gothic period wher e there were bigger image sizes but at least one if not many decorations around the page. Foliate patterns on elaborate boarders were the common fixings integrated in the manuscript. A different artist was utilized to work on different part of the decoration. An artist had their own unique skill that they used when working on a certain piece of an image. A standardized form of Latin, which originated from Classical Latin, was used in the texts along with new-formed words. Medieval Latin was most used in that time and was a common language used by the people of Europe. In fact, this language was commonly used by businessmen and scholars for communication, learning and administration purposes. The texts were usually incorporated first when it came to constructing an illuminated manuscript. Script depended on the style that was currently being used in society and the one that were most popular. Scripts such as Uncial and half-Uncial were introduced because of the ongoing development and usage of unique texts such as insular miniscule and insular majuscule. Before these texts were established, the Roman lettersShow MoreRelatedThe Carolingian Renaissance By Kelli Floyd804 Words   |  4 PagesThe Carolingian Renaissance By: Kelli Floyd Introduction The Carolingian Renaissance was a very important time in history that had a very large impact on Western Civilization. There is no way to know how different our world would have been without it. Both written and spoken language would have likely been radically different without both Charlemagne and Alcuin of York. What is the Carolingian Renaissance? The Carolingian Renaissance was a period of history brought on by Charlemagne. 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Charlemagne then sent one his scholar courtiers to ask Pope Hadrian I for a â€Å"pure Gregorian â€Å"sacramentary. However, this book was incomplete and as a result it was supplemented with texts and ceremonies familiar to Frankish worshipers. The fusion of sober, classical Roman prayerRead MoreThe Reign Of The Carol ingian Dynasty1429 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough the reign of the Carolingian dynasty occupied only a brief part of the entirety of the medieval era, the Carolingian Empire that was established during that period made both a historical and cultural impact on medieval society that would resonate for years to come. Until the empire fell in 888, the Carolingian House of the Franks initially brought stability and progress to most of Europe, as well as pioneering a cultural and intellectual renaissance that influenced the remainder of the MiddleRead More Charlemagne Essay1379 Words   |  6 PagesAD 844 to describe the reign of the most influential Frankish king Charlemagne ( Lectures 1). Charlemagne, son of Pepin the Short, ruled the Franks for 47 years (Koeller 1). The Carolingian Dynasty, of which Charlemagne was a member, was established in AD 751 when Pepin dethroned the last Merovingian king. The Carolingians ruled a land that â€Å"spoke several different tongues, had different cultural and historical traditions, and different institutions.†(Nelson 2). The great variation found in the peopleRead MoreCharlemagne: The Hero of the Dark Age Europe Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesof the nations currently being peaceful and strongly-established. Although many believe that Charlemagne had problems that represented the unstable feudal world, he was a hero for he unified many people in an organized manner, caused the Carolingian Renaissance, and retrieved the Dark Age lands away from darkness. Primarily, by prompting several lands and peoples to coalesce in an unified and coherent fashion, Charlemagne was a hero. He started out by reforming his empire. The great king codifiedRead MoreEssay on A Very Brief History of the Papacy1499 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen the invasion by barbarians. As the barbarians invaded the church converted. Their motto was, â€Å"to convert the monarch and the people would eventually follow . There were positive and negative ramifications to this reality. We see the Carolingian Renaissance, which was brought on by the conversion of the Franks, and the Monastic Ideal. The monastery consists of monks and nuns. Literature survived due to the monks that were under command of Charlemagne copied all the literature of that time. Read MoreCharlemagne Or Charles The Great1525 Words   |  7 PagesFrankish Kingdom in a series of conquests that united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Roman Empire. He also introduced many governme ntal, cultural and economic reforms to further his great ‘Carolingian’ Empire. Additionally the Emperor fostered the Carolingian renaissance, a time of great cultural and intellectual revival and reinforced the Christian foothold on Europe. Charlemagne’s role in Medieval Europe was as a complete leader and emperor, one that effectively managed everyRead MoreThe Catholic Church during the 7th and 8th Century1213 Words   |  5 Pagesruled in the period from the 6th to the 7th century. The most sophisticated Barbarians, the Carolingians, got lots of benefits from the decline of the Merovingian’s, when they got the power to the throne. Before that, they performed the roles of the mayors and took other positions in the empire. The church did not miss an opportunity to approve the change of the power from the Merovingian’s to the Carolingians. It happened when the mayor wrote a letter to the pope, stating that the king did not copeRead MoreCharlemagne : The King Of The Frankish1515 Words   |  7 Pagesfather Pepin the short, with his brother Carloman as co-ruler. He became king of Italy in 774 after his conquest of the Lombard kingdoms and after 800 A.D he was proclaimed the ‘Emperor of the Roma ns’ by the Pope Leo III. This marks the peak of the Carolingian empire that Charlemagne founded [2], which covered vast swathes of western Europe and was the largest Christian kingdom of the time (1,112,000 square kilometers) [3]. Through Charlemagne’s exceptional drive and vision to unite his people under a

Man and a Woman A Yin and Yang Free Essays

It’s still fresh in my memory the answer of 2008 Miss Universe Dayana Mendoza in her question â€Å"Does a man or a woman live and easier life? †- â€Å"actually there’s not much difference about how a woman or man lives but rather they differ on the way they think. Man thinks the easiest way to get to the point is to go straight. Woman, not exactly, they go through many curves and fixed it†. We will write a custom essay sample on Man and a Woman: A Yin and Yang or any similar topic only for you Order Now This answer is just one among the many answers on how to differentiate a man between women. In the field of hard sciences, the difference between a man and a woman is far way varied. It is usually differentiated through sex or the possession of certain organs and hormones that make them unique. Man or male is characterized by possessing the male genitalia which composed of the testicles, the penile gland and of course Adams apple. Women or female is otherwise characterized by the possession of uterus, ovary, and vagina. In terms of the Hippocratic eye, there are different hormones and chromosomes that discriminates both sexes- chromosome XY for male and XX for female (York 2008). In the society, one can easily differentiate a man from a woman by the way they act, they dress and they appear in public. A man usually is short haired contented with t-shirts and pants or tuxedo for the elite while women are often long haired, fond of having fancy dresses with playful colors and distinguished by their high pitched voices as contrast to male with a distinguishable baritone voice. During the olden times, in terms of gender and socialization, a masculine is usually viewed to be brave, aggressive, and bread winner while a feminine is usually calm, conservative, and responsible in child rearing. Tracing the history, women in the olden days are considered as one among the lower society wherein they are not allowed to vote and their only profession is to become a plain housewife. In the ancient times in Asia and Europe, women are often the subjects of slavery. In Japan, once a woman has been married to a man, she no longer free. Her work is just centered on family rearing and farewell assistance to the husband. The only way to escape from the marriage is to commit hara-kiri or the virtue of killing themselves. In the Philippines during the sultanate period, only the son of the king or sultan can inherit the land and women are just for marriage rites and are just means to procreate through pregnancy. The worst thing is that they are not allowed to rule the land. In contrast, Egypt is known to have women rulers before man became the ruler. One good example is Cleopatra who ruled the ancient Egypt and who have man as subordinates (timemagazine. com 1972). But with the rise of industrial revolution, feminists became more gender sensitive and gender equality had been on the rise. Now, there had been widespread gender stereotyping such as female police enforcers, pilots, soldiers, and the existence of working moms and even female engineers. In addition, there is an increase of women politicians and rulers and believe it or not that the Philippines being a democratic republic had some sort of girl power because they had already to female presidents whom actually won through people power revolution. Tracing the history is likewise one way of differentiating man between women based on their family roles and social responsibility. The existence of pluralism in nature allowed varied responsibilities of a man and a woman. Delving deeper in differentiating man and women is through their matter of feelings. Men are thought to be pride and full of ego. Women are the exact opposite as they are more patient and unruffled. Usually in a family a woman/wife is usually the mother of all chores in the house doing all the laundry, cleaning, and preparing food except if a there is a hired nanny, but still a nanny is a woman. On the other hand, those of the man usually sips coffee while reading the daily news and eats the breakfast and then go to work. Going back to the answer of Miss Universe 2008, it would be nice if we cite some examples. Man thinks that the easiest way to get through a point is to go straight. I might as well agree on that. When a man goes to off a particular thing in the department store, he goes exactly to the rack or place where it is located, grabs it and pays it over the counter immediately. Women don’t, they actually took many more time visiting every lane of the shop and fit all things that she thinks it’s nice for her and grabs unnecessary things forgetting what to buy. This only means that man is more straightforward on everything. When he wants an answer, he wants it immediately. When he takes orders in a restaurant, he wants it in a brisk. Women are more patient and complicated, they are the ones who usually start the husband-wife fight because of their hasty tongue who usually nags and nags until both of them gets pissed off. Among all of these opposite characters, I still view man as being a yin and a yang, a perfect opposite but a perfect combination. Every imperfection of a man can be complemented by a woman and every woman’s flaw is complemented by a man. That is why there is the existence of marriage, to unite both the ideals of a man and a woman and to live together as one body and being separate entities. A man and a woman are created complementary to work and help each other. Each sex/gender represents a function in a society. There has been a saying that â€Å"No man is an island†. Truly no man is alone because there is the existence of a woman. Every human beings life is like a puzzle, it will only be completed when the remaining pieces are there. A woman therefore is never complete without a man, which maybe her father or her lover. Likewise a man is never complete without there woman, which is his mother and his lover. How to cite Man and a Woman: A Yin and Yang, Papers

Compare/Contrast Online Shopping vs Traditional Shopping free essay sample

Online shopping has grown to new heights over the last decade and shows no signs of slowing down. The internet has brought practically every store in the world to the finger tips of anyone with internet access. Shopping online gives the user the opportunity to search for the product they want through endless avenues. Online shopping has grown so large that many companies are not investing in buildings and mall space, rather in online websites and web advertising. Through this paper I will discuss the reasons why shopping online is a better alternative to traditional shopping.The first benefit of online shopping is the convenience. While others are out fighting traffic and waiting in lines, online shoppers are home relaxing. Online shoppers can go from store to store with a flick of a mouse, while traditional shoppers have to walk, drive or can’t get to the stores they want. Online shoppers also benefit when it comes to comparison shopping. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare/Contrast Online Shopping vs Traditional Shopping or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Traditional shoppers have to put a lot of work into comparison shopping. They have to drive from place to place find items and price and go onto the next place. This can be exhausting and stressful.The online shopper can do this from his or her couch. Online shoppers can search the planet for the product they are looking for, while traditional shoppers are limited to a small area. Saving money is always a concern when shopping. Many people argue that shipping is the downfall of online shopping. The truth is that if you take all things into consideration shipping charges are minor. Often time the money you spend on gas, food, and time far outweighs the cost of shipping. Online shopping or traditional shopping, everyone has a preference.If you enjoy being out in the crowds, waiting in lines, and getting stressed out then traditional shopping is for you. For me, I’ll take a hot cup of coffee and an easy chair. I believe that there really is no comparison. In theory a person would never have to leave their home. All in all the benefits far outweigh the negatives when it comes to online vs. traditional shoppers. The convenience, the ability to compare products, and the ability to save money all lead to the conclusion that online shopping is the way to go these days.

The Gold Fish And The Fisherman Essays - Go, Ko Fight, Fishing

The Gold Fish And The Fisherman Once upon a time there was an old man named `Ko'. Ko was a fifty-year old fisherman. He liked children very much but unfortunately he and his wife Jean did not have any of their own. Sometimes he felt quite lonely at home. Ko and Jean lived close to the harbour. One thing that Ko did not like about Jean was her temper. Very often she yelled at him for no reason at all. One morning while Ko was still sleeping Jean yelled at him, "Wake up! Its very late now. You should go fishing. Every day you go fishing and do not become bored. Why don't you build a house in the middle of the ocean?" said Jean said with much criticism. Ko did not reply. "Hey! do you hear me?" asked Jean. "Yes dear," Ko replied. "Then why didn't you answer me? Some day you're going to drive me crazy", said Jean. "I was waiting for you to finish talking. Don't be so angry. I'm leaving right now", said Ko. Ko quickly got dressed and left for the harbour. On his way to the harbour he met his good friend `Sun'. As they were walking down the trail to their fishing boats they started a conversation. "Hey, today's weather is very good eh? I bet there will be a lot of fish," said Sun. "It's hard to say nowadays. During this season we can't tell if there will be any fish," replied Ko. "Yes, I agree. During the last few days it appeared as though the fish were all hiding. You're lucky that you only have a wife to feed while I have a whole family to take care of. Sometimes my whole family had to starve if there was no fish.", said Sun. "Don't say that. To me I think we're all the same. As a matter of fact I think you are more fortunate than I.", said Ko. "Why? " asked Sun. "At least you have grand children and family members. In fact you don't even have to go fishing anymore," said Ko. "No way! Fishing is my hobby. I've been fishing for many years. If I stop fishing suddenly I just don't feel comfortable," said Sun. "Isn't that the truth? Just look at the ocean. It's beautiful isn't it?" said Ko. "It sure is" answered Sun. Ko and Sun had arrived at their boat. They wish each other good luck. Then they got on to there boats. The day passed very quickly and soon it was sunset. Ko lifted his last net to see if he had caught anymore fish. When he pulled up the net he noticed he had caught a Gold Fish. "This is strange! I didn't know that there were Gold Fish in the ocean.

Alfred Nobel and the History of Dynamite

Alfred Nobel and the History of Dynamite The Nobel prizes  were established by none other than inventor Alfred Nobel. But besides being the namesake behind  one of the most prestigious awards given annually for academic, cultural and scientific achievements, Nobel is also well-known for making it possible for people to blow things up.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before all that, however, the Swedish  industrialist, engineer, and inventor  built bridges and buildings in his nations capital Stockholm. It was his construction work that inspired Nobel to research new methods of blasting rock. So in 1860, the Nobel first started experimenting with an explosive chemical substance called  nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin and Dynamite Nitroglycerin was first invented by Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero in 1846. In its natural liquid state, nitroglycerin is very volatile. Nobel understood this and in 1866 discovered that mixing nitroglycerine with silica would turn the liquid into a malleable paste called dynamite. One advantage that dynamite had over nitroglycerin was that it could be cylinder-shaped for insertion into the drilling holes used for mining. In 1863, Nobel invented the Nobel patent detonator or blasting cap for detonating nitroglycerin. The  detonator used a strong shock rather than heat combustion to ignite the explosives. The Nobel Company built the first factory to manufacture nitroglycerin and dynamite. In 1867, Nobel received U.S. patent number 78,317 for his invention of dynamite. To be able to detonate the dynamite rods, Nobel also improved his detonator (blasting cap) so that it could be ignited by lighting a fuse.  In 1875, Nobel invented blasting gelatine, which was more stable and powerful than dynamite  and patented it in 1876. In 1887, he was granted a French patent for  ballistite, a smokeless  blasting powder  made from nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine. While Ballistite was developed as a substitute for black gunpowder, a variation is used today as a  solid fuel rocket propellant. Biography On October 21, 1833, Alfred Bernhard Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden. His family moved to St. Petersburg in Russia when he was nine years old. Nobel prided himself on the many countries he lived in during his lifetime and considered himself a world citizen. In 1864, Albert Nobel founded Nitroglycerin AB in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1865, he built the Alfred Nobel Co. Factory in Krà ¼mmel near Hamburg, Germany. In 1866, he established the United States Blasting Oil Company in the U.S. In 1870, he established the Socià ©tà © gà ©nà ©ral pour la fabrication de la dynamite in Paris, France. When he died in 1896, Nobel  stipulated the year before in his last will and testament that 94 percent of his total assets go toward the creation of an endowment fund to honor achievements in  physical science, chemistry, medical science or physiology, literary work and service toward peace.  Hence, the Nobel prize is awarded yearly to people whose work helps humanity. In total, Alfred Nobel held three hundred and fifty-five patents in the fields of electrochemistry, optics, biology, and physiology.

Theodore Roosevelt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Theodore Roosevelt - Essay Example It will close with a discussion of the relevance of his decision today, some one hundred years later, and the benefits that have accrued to America. 1.1 The Origins of the Transfer Act of 1905 As an initial matter, it is important to note that Theodore Roosevelt did not create the United States Forest Service; quite the contrary, this federal agency was created and given legal powers by virtue of the United States Land Revision Act of 1891 which provided, in relevant part, that the president would thereafter have the authority to "set aside and reserve...any part of the public lands wholly or partly covered with timber or undergrowth, whether of commercial value or not." At the time, this was a skeletal piece of legislation with little immediate effect. It looked good on paper, it played well at social gatherings, but the reality was that the Act itself was lacking in real substance. This is because this initial legislation, vesting power in the American president, did not provide for any guidelines or mechanisms for using or for developing these set aside lands (Balogh, 2002). Thus, while the lands might be protected from economic exploitation, there was no mention of nat ional parks or development for public use. These lands, in short, were not only placed out of the reach of capitalistic interests but also out of the reach of purely scientific and public interests as well. Nonetheless, it was a piece of legislation, a perogative of presidential power, which Theodre Roosevelt would take advantage of a mere two decades later in order to more firmly entrench public interests, both in terms of research and public benefits more generally, with the Transfer Act... As an initial matter, it is important to note that Theodore Roosevelt did not create the United States Forest Service; quite the contrary, this federal agency was created and given legal powers by virtue of the United States Land Revision Act of 1891 which provided, in relevant part, that the president would thereafter have the authority to "set aside and reserve...any part of the public lands wholly or partly covered with timber or undergrowth, whether of commercial value or not.† At the time, this was a skeletal piece of legislation with little immediate effect. It looked good on paper, it played well at social gatherings, but the reality was that the Act itself was lacking in real substance. This is because this initial legislation, vesting power in the American president, did not provide any guidelines or mechanisms for using or for developing these set-aside lands (Balogh, 2002). Thus, while the lands might be protected from economic exploitation, there was no mention of n ational parks or development for public use. These lands, in short, were not only placed out of the reach of capitalistic interests but also out of the reach of purely scientific and public interests as well. Nonetheless, it was a piece of legislation, a prerogative of presidential power, which Theodore Roosevelt would take advantage of a mere two decades later in order to more firmly entrench public interests, both in terms of research and public benefits more generally, with the Transfer Act of 1905.

Admission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Admission - Essay Example The academic study shifted my attention more towards the influence and importance of modern age literature as most of the works I’ve done had been about the authors of this century. As an undergraduate I did dissertations on Alfred de Musset’s Lorenzaccio, Stendhal’s Chartreuse de Parme and a personal research on Napoleon’s image in Romantic literature. My present subject of research is ‘Gerard de Nerval and his attitude towards Orient in his Voyage en Orient’ which is being done at the University of Tehran as part of my Masters Degree curriculum. However I have particular interest in the works of Andrà © Malraux and George Perecand and few other novelists of the 20th century. My deep prior learning on the history of French literature also encouraged me to have an interdisciplinary work combining political history & literature. I intend to make my research lead towards a professional career. As the research would gain me enough understanding in literature, history and politics, I could serve as a knowledge base to answer questions on a period, a culture or a writer. This in turn is a necessity to chase my career goal to be a university teacher, which I have nurtured through my desire to teach and through the experiences I have gained while working as a teacher in a local school. Extensive individual work and group research would be required to get into the minute details of the subject resultantly serving to develop my capacity and knowledge. Huge lacunas and limitations like lack of resources and limited availability of efficient supervisors in Iran shorten the scope of my further research and study within the country. This became quite evident to me, when I had the idea of comparing the work of Andrà © Malraux to that of Ernest Hemingway. As I initiated the study, I got discouraged by my professors because of the insufficient expertise in American as well as French

News Is Nothing More Than A Strategic Ritual Media Essay

News Is Nothing More Than A Strategic Ritual Media Essay From my opinion, to be objective, it is to illustrate both sides of a particular point of view without being subjective. This means that what is being portrayed should be value free. The journalist illustrates the whole truth about an event without including his or her own opinion in a subjective manner. There has been an ongoing discourse about objectivity. Objectivity in the news being nothing more than a strategic ritual. Firstly, objectivity can be hard to define as illustrated by Schudson â€Å"Objectivity might be a professional idea, but it is one that seemed to disintegrate as soon as it was formulated. It became an ideal in journalism, after all, precisely when the impossibility of overcoming the subjectivities of presenting the news was widely accepted. Criticism of the â€Å"myth† of objectivity has been a contrapuntal accompaniment to the enunciation of objectivity as an ideal from the beginning† (Schudson, 1990: 269). â€Å"To a sociologist, the word â€Å"Objectivity† is fraught with meaning. It invokes philosophy, notions of science, and ideas of professionalism. It conjures up the ghost of Durkheim and Weber, recalling disputes in scholarly journals concerning the nature of â€Å"social facts† and the term â€Å"value free†Ã¢â‚¬  (Tuchman 1972: 660). This therefore suggests that the term objectivity is burdened with different meaning, thus very difficult to define as any definition of such word can easily be obsolete. However Schudson on the other hand argues that â€Å"A commitment to objectivity in journalism can be defined as meaning that â€Å"a persons statement about the world can be trusted if they are submitted to established rules deemed legitimate by a professional community† (Schudson 1978: 294 cited in Harcup 2009: 82) According to Bennet, â€Å"there are reasons to be dissatisfied with the news these days. Yet, news remains the primary source of information about society, politics, and government†. These problems could be said to be related to the term objectivity. In the sense that so many factors affect the news, thus the news cannot be seen as the whole truth, as it could be argued that it is fragmented. Furthermore the publics perception about society and all other events are distorted. In relating it back to the question, it can be argued that objectivity in the news is not a strategic ritual because there are factors beyond the newsmans power that cannot be controlled, as other individuals are involved in the production of the news, such as the gate keeper who decides what news is and is not presented. Thus the news is subjective. â€Å"Perhaps the most unsettling thought of all is that the electronic media, the principal source of political information for many if not many American citizens (Robinson and Levy 1985), might be biased in the presentation of public affair† (Kuklinsk 1992: 810). This can be said to be related to objectivity because there is always the question about selection of news. How journalist select news would determine whether the news they produce would have bias included, thus the selection of news would be considered in further paragraphs. Bearing in mind that they previously hold a certain view about a topic. This would then create bias in the news report. News is the only source in which individuals find out events happening in society. However like it was previously reiterated, the news is always biased, one way or the other, thus the public is not fully aware of what is going on around them. â€Å"More than one public official has made this very claim.when every president- liberal or conservative, democrat or republican-has complained bitterly about the inaccurate and unfair picture the networks were presenting†(Kuklinsk 1992: 811)â€Å"Reagans secretary of state, George Shult, was heard to protest that â€Å"it seems as though the reporters are against us. Theyre always seeking to report something thats going to screw things up† (quoted by Karp 1985, 63). With this, it can be illustrated that the newsmen may actually do it on purpose, so that they could attract increasing audiences. This could be said to be objectivity in the news to be a strategic ritual, in the sense that journalist would go any length just to entertain the public at the expense of politicians profile. Thus getting increased audience because relating it to news values, the public would like to hear more on bad news and unexpectedness. The more the news is unexpected, the more it would attract increased audiences. There are two questions which confront us when we deal with the problems of how news is selected from the multitude of events which occur in the world. The first is: what is selected?the second is that of objectivity: namely, how accurately does such a selection reflect the real world? (Cohen and Young 1973: 17). The idea that journalist have the choice to select the news they want to report on, it means that they are already being subjective about the particular topic they want to report on. Thus, objectivity in the news could be said to be a strategic ritual. This could be so, because they might already hold a particular perspective on the topic. Hence would unavoidably be able to neglect their point of view in reporting the news, so the news becomes biased in the sense that they are selling their opinion to the public about a particular topic. Consequently, they give biased news to the public; therefore the public gets a distorted view about what the journalist is writing about. â€Å"According to Gaye Tuchman, objectivity can be seen as a strategic ritual that journalist use as a defence mechanism. She identified four routine procedures that allow journalist claim objectivity for their work: the presentation of conflicting possibilities, the presentation of supporting evidence, the judicious use of quotation marks, the structuring of information in an appropriate sequence† (Tuchman, 299-301 cited in Harcup 2009) The word objectivity can be affected by several factors of only some would be discussed, which in turn affects the report in which the journalist produces. This can be illustrated by Tuchman 1972, who explained that â€Å"there are three types of factors which influence the newsmans notion of objectivity: form, inter organization relationships, and content. By form, I mean those attributes of news stories and newspapers which exemplify news procedures such as the use of quotation marks†(Tuchman 1972: 661) This is to show that by using such quotation marks, it would mark the objectivity of the event. Individuals who must have witnessed whatever event would be able to give a full account about what happened. Thus, the journalists report would be objective and free from bias thus exemplifying him from problems if he produced inaccurate news. â€Å"By content I mean notions of social reality which the news paper man takes for granted. Content is also related to the newsmans orga nisational relationships, for his experiences with these organisations lead him to take for granted certain things about them† (Tuchman 1972: 661). Everett Hughes (1964) cited in Tuchman 1972: 661 â€Å"suggests that procedures that serve this purposes may be seen as â€Å"rituals†inasmuch as newspapermen invoke ritualistic procedures in order to deflect potential criticism and to follow routines bounded by the â€Å"cognitive limits of rationality†, they are also performance â€Å"strategies† (March and Simon 1967, pp.137, 142)Objectivity as strategic ritual may be used by professionals to defend themselves from critical onslaught†. Overall, these factors/ procedures help protect the journalist and the organisations integrity in the sense that they would not get accused of producing inaccurate news and they would not get sued unnecessarily. All these factors explained by Tuchman, it can be argued that objectivity in the news is a strategic ritual i n the fact that, they are trying to protect their back and save the organisations reputation. It can be argued that objectivity in the news is a strategic ritual because it can be said that the newspaper and writers are trying to get an increase audience. With them publishing the news, it would actually help increase their organisational revenue in the sense that they would experience high circulation. Also with the increased audience, it means that they would be at the top of the competition list, therefore giving them the competitive edge against other news providers. Thus giving them a unique selling point, which means they would be able to differentiate themselves from other news organisations. as a result stand out. This could be illustrated further, according to Young â€Å"the market model then maintains that the responsible journalist selects these events which are in the public interest to know and objectively portray reality within the format and genre of the particular media concerned†(Young 1973: 17). The public would like to know that they are being provi ded with objective news, thus the journalist would try their best to provide the news, so by making sure they get objective news, and they increase their readership and circulation. This would benefit them because it would allow them to be popular against their competitors. However, for the fact journalist select the news they think the public would be interested and present it as objectively as they can, this could be said to be a strategic ritual. The selection of news would further be illustrated later in this essay. This may be so, in the fact that they dont want to get themselves into trouble for providing biased news, thus affecting their integrity in the organisation they work and publicly soiling the organisations reputation. This means that the public would not trust the news they produce, thus, they would continually get negative criticism. This could be illustrated by Tuchman 1977b cited in Shoemaker 1996 who â€Å"argues that objectivity is a ritual that objectivity is a ritual that serves primarily to defend the organisational product from critics. Because newsworkers have little time to reflect on whether they have gotten at the â€Å"truth† in their stories, the need a set of procedure, or strategies, that if followed will protect them from occupational hazards such as libel suit and reprimands from superior†. Consequently, journalists follow a set of guidelines to avoid critics so that they dont get into unnecessary trouble and to be able to protect themselves from disgrace. Like it was previously said, journalist get chance to select the news they want to write about. The idea that they are allowed to do that shows that the news they are going to write about is already biased on the fact that they might already have a subjected view about it. Thus, the news would be value laden as well as hardly value free. Also for the fact that journalist use different sources to make up their news, Even though they are supposedly trusted sources of theirs, the question is how can they be so sure that the news the trusted sources provide is objective. Thus, it shows that they cannot be sure if the news is 100% objective. â€Å"Calling into the question of validity of representational knowledge about the world- arguing that news is as much a bureaucratic product as it is a reflection of external reality and that ‘objectivity is essentially a strategic ritual- is at bottom incompatible with journalisms self legitimating discourses. Pointing out that the subjects (i.e. the journalists) perception are not just the product of individual autonomy, showing that journalist (like all of us) are inexorably entangled with and in part constituted by language us, serve to erode the foundations of the conventional wisdom†(Dahlgren 1992: 11). Consequently, this shows that, it is not only the journalist who influences the news they write, as all other people are involved..This can also be reiterated by Shoemaker 1996: 112 â€Å"objectivity, although a cornerstone of journalist ideology, is rooted in practical organisational requirements. In this sense, objectivity is less a core belief of journalist t han a set of procedures to which journalist willingly conform in other to protect themselves from attack†. Consequently, this shows that the organisations also have an influence on the new. With the organisation involved there would be less chance of the company endangering their integrity and shame on their organizational image. Both of these sources show that the firm in which these journalists work for, has an influence on the type of news they produce in the sense that they always have a say. This is done so as to protect their image. Thus a set of gu are provided for the journalist to follow, so that they do not drift off the organisations rules and regulation about reporting news. This therefore means that journalists have no choice but to follow the set guidelines or they lose their job. According to Michael Schudson (1978) cited in shoemaker 1996: 112 â€Å"notes that at the turn of the century, newspapers in competing for circulation, tried to conform to the publics standards of truth, decency, and good taste. Reporters believed they had to be lively and entertaining while factual at the same time. Indeed, editors and reporters were pre-occupied with facts to avoid public criticism and embarrassment for the newspaper†. This could be said to be spin and twisting, for the fact that journalist thought that they had to be entertaining and lively. The idea of being entertaining would mean that they are trying to reach audiences they never actually reached out to. This can also be related to the idea that objectivity in the news is not an objective idea, for the fact that the news would most probably be shortened thus audiences would not get the full picture. This could be illustrated by Shoemaker who argued that â€Å"the objectivity routine also leads to omitt ing seemingly harmless information† (Shoemaker 1996: 113). Consequently, it means that audiences are not receiving the whole story of an event. The thought that journalist are omitting some of the information may be good, in the sense that the public would get an idea and grasp a bit about a complicated story about events in society. As illustrated in Bennets Book in a case study, â€Å"news stories often oversimplify larger and more complex realities. In many ways it is goodHowever, the news may radically simplify realities to the point of distortion or omission of important information for various reasons†(Bennett 2007: 211)† This therefore suggests that objectivity in the news could be omitted for good reason; however, it should not necessarily be said to be a strategic ritual, because it is being done for a good cause. However on the other hand, it can be argued that objectivity in the news is strategic ritual in the sense that important information would be h idden an omitted from the public thus making the public naÃÆ' ¯ve to events happening in society. It can also be argued otherwise that objectivity in the news is not a strategic ritual on the fact that journalist right from the start have the obligation to report the truth and try as much as possible to be objective so as to avoid libel suits but for the fact that they have deadlines to reach. This means they would actually be time conscious. Thus having less spare time to check over their report therefore it might be difficult to have totally objective news as illustrated by Tuchman 1972 â€Å"unlike social scientists, newsmen have a limited repertoire with which to define and defend their objectivity. He must make immediate decisions concerning validity, reliability, and â€Å"truth† in other to meet the problems imposed by the nature of his taskthe newsmen need some working notion of objectivity to minimize the risk imposed by deadline, libel suits, and superiors reprimands† (Tuchman 1972: 662) â€Å"Objectivity is defined as a matter of intent, it includes the freedom to disregard the implications of the news. Indeed, objectivity could not long exist without this freedom, for the moment journalists are required to consider the effects of news on sources and others they would have to begin assessing their own intent and to relinquish their detachment, especially if they wanted to prevent injury to someone (Gans, 1979: 188). Overall, it can be argued from a perspective that objectivity in the news is a strategic ritual, down to the idea that organisations train their potential journalist and give them guidelines on how to report news in an objective manner without being biased. This is done so as to protect the organisations integrity and the journalist status. Thus, it would help them avoid libel suits. This could be illustrated by Tuchman 1972: 678 who concluded that â€Å"objectivity used defensively as a strategic ritual. Objectivity refers to routine procedures which may be exemplified as formal attributes and to protect the professional from mistakes and from his critics†. And for the fact that journalist have to follow these set guidelines means objectivity in the news is a strategic ritual, as it means that these journalist have no choice, thus they cannot go against it as they would most probably lose their job Furthermore, if journalists do not provide objective news as they could, then the public would most probably not think journalism is a serious and professional job. Thus no one would see them as trustworthy. Thus it is their duty to provide the public with objective news. This can then be said that objectivity in the news is not a strategic ritual, as they have no choice but to provide non biased news so as to inform the public. Bibliography Bennet, W. L. (2007) News: The Politics of Illusion, New York: Longman, Pearson Cohen, S. Young, J. ( ) The Manufacture of News, London: Macmillan. Dahlgren, P. Sparks, C. (1992) Journalism and Popular Culture: London, SAGE Publications. Galtung, J. Ruge, M. (1981) ‘Structuring and Selecting News, in S. Cohen J. Young (eds) The Manufacture of News, London: Macmillan Gans, H. (1979) Deciding whats News. A Study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nigthly News, Newsweek and Time. New York: Random House Harcup, T. (2009) Journalism: Principles and Practice. London, SAGE Publications Kuklinski, J. H. Sigelman, L. (1992) ‘When Objectivity is not objective: Network T.V News Coverage of US Senators and the â€Å"Paradox of Objectivity† in Journal of Politics, 54 (3) Shoemaker, P. Reese, S. (1996) Mediating The message: Theories of Influences on Mass Media Content. (2nd ed.), London: Longman. Schudson, M. (2003) The Sociology of News. New York: United States of America. Tuchman, G. (1972) Objectivity as Strategic Ritual: An examination of Newsmens notion of Objectivity in American Journal of Sociology, 77: 660-67

Governments advance Essay

As man advances in his everyday life, the governments advance in warfare technology too1. New sophisticated weaponry changed warfare tactics and warfare became a vastly advanced art. The crude techniques were quickly replaced with refined ones. The increase in damage and death commensurate with the increase in technology leading to very high death counts, and leaving a myriad maimed for life. The technological inventions were self- defeating to man. Man staged war with himself. The very inventions he made became a thorn in his own flesh! WW1 saw the advent of tanks and gas as some of the new technologies. For instance the British mark 1 tank was first used in September 19162. The tanks had their limitations such as getting stuck in the mud and toppling over. They were mechanically unreliable. The tanks were not the war winning weapons as the generals hoped they would be3. The German on the other hand were the first to use chlorine gas at Ypress in 1915. The chlorine gas is a lung irritant. Symptom such as bright red lips and blue face denote gas poisoning. Chlorine gas poisoning killed its victims a slow death of suffocation. It caused long diseases such as emphysema. The civilians suffered from this too. In 1915 the Germans added phosgene, which was more suffocating. The effects of phosgene caused bleeding that corrupted the lungs. Mustard gas, which was also used, burnt the entire layer of skin from the face and body. This was dangerous as its effects were not noticed, burnt the skin and ripped out the lining of the lungs. Gas had a rippling effect like atomic bomb had in world war2. Their uniqueness was in the fact that they were air-borne, had the risk of causing mass destruction and there effects agonizing. We can have an overview of what the weapons looked like and the technologies they espoused. â€Å"New weapons revolutionized combat in war1†4. It gave the war an altogether new model. For instance, trench warfare. The factories of industrial Europe were held culprit for this new war technologies that were destructive and ruinous. We can divide the first war and weaponry in to a number of categories: Artillery: These were new and improved cannons. British soldiers fired approximately 170 millions but the German scientist did not accept to be left behind. They developed the biggest artillery ever known. It was called the Big Bertha. It was such a powerful weapon. New high-explosive shells were developed as well and made more efficient. Artillery fire killed thousands of men and made aiding more difficult as it blew the ground. 5 Communication: as we have indicated WW1 was a trench warfare radios and telephones were the main ways of communication and was very essential ways of communication and was very essential for the troops in trenches. Messengers gave dogs and other like pigeons were gradually being faced out. Machine guns: the effectiveness of machine guns reached frightening new levels in the WW1 they could fire 600 bullets a minute which was estimated t be equivalent of 250 men with rifles. With this kind of ability machine guns were deemed to be weapons of mass destructions. Gas grenades: we have looked at chlorine, phosgene and mustard gas. Which burned the lung of the inhaler leaving them to die in agony. Has masks that were issued to everyone in German were of so effective therefore leaving many people dead6 Tanks: also known as the chariots of god. As we have seen at first they were not very reliable but scientist kept making new improved tanks such that by 1918, the Anglo-American mark 8th could carry up to 8 men and fire 208 shells and up to 13,000 bullets. Another weapon of mass destruction! An armored car was developed and could travel up to 8 kilometers and had 8 machine guns. Transportation: transportation of troops in to battlefields became vital necessitating the increase in more efficient transportation needs. Trains, taxis and lorries were used to ferry soldiers to battlefields and other places. Planes: they epitomized the new types of weapons used in advanced technology warfare huge blimp-like bombers called zeppelins were used7. Their speed and efficiency killed thousand of people

Death is my best theme Essay

â€Å"Death is my best theme, don’t you think? † (Williams). Explore the varied uses Tennesse Williams makes of death and dieing in â€Å"A Streetcar Names Desire† Referring to â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire†, I completely agree that death is Williams’ best theme, closely followed by sex. There are many references to death as well as imagery and symbolism. He also uses many varied points on death. The first major speech about death is when Blanche is talking about her losing Belle Reve – â€Å"Blanche: All of those deaths! The long parade to the graveyard! Father, mother! Margaret, that dreadful way! So big with it, it couldn’t be put in a coffin! † This is the first thing that Blanche says that has any power and real feeling behind it and the topic is death. This is showing that death is going to play a large part in the feeling in and behind the story. â€Å"Blanche: You just came home in time for the funerals, Stella. And funerals are pretty compared to deaths. Funerals are quiet, but deaths-not always. † Stella is being associated with the funerals and Blanche with the deaths. This is showing Stella being quiet and Blanche being louder and more highly strung as that is how she has described the difference in her speech. Although on the outside this speech made by Blanche may sound like she is just talking about the deaths of all her family members but it is also relating to the death of Belle Reve and how the two are connected – â€Å"Blanche: How in hell do you think all that sickness and dying was paid for? Death is expensive, Miss Stella! † She describes death in quite a lot of detail in this speech; it is showing that death is going to become an important topic in this play. A lot of the deaths seem to be because of the men and their gambling and this could be a view of Williams’. – â€Å"Blanche: Honey-that’s how it slipped through my fingers! Which of them left us a fortune? † In â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire† a lot of the times when death is being discussed, sex seems to come into the conversation to. There is a strange relation between sex and death here. – â€Å"I let the place go? Where were you. In bed with your-Polak! † This is not the strongest reference to death and sex combined although it is a slight one. A much stronger one is Blanche’s speech about her late husband- â€Å"Blanche: Then I found out in the worst of all possible ways. By coming suddenly into a room that I though was empty-which wasn’t empty, but had two people in it†¦. † â€Å"Blanche: He’d stuck the revolver into his mouth, and fired-so that the back of his head had been-blown away! † Seeing her husband have sex with another man and then blow his head off within the time span of two hours causes a strange equation and connection between sex and death. The way he killed himself could also be perceived as a homosexual reference – sticking the gun in his mouth. â€Å"A vendor comes around the corner. She is a blind MEXICAN WOMAN in a dark shawl, carrying bunches of those gaudy tin flowers that lower class Mexicans display at funerals and other festive occasions. † Here, the woman carrying the funeral flowers is symbolising two things – Death and Blanche. It is ambiguous whether or not any of the other characters can see or are aware of the presence of the Mexican woman except from Blanche. Blanche’s thoughts seem to be provoked by the Mexican woman and it almost seems as if the Mexican woman is a representation of Blanche herself, and the Mexican woman is walking around celebrating death which shows the death within Blanche’s past and presence. â€Å"Mexican Woman: Corones para los muertos. Corones†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Blanche: Legacies! Huh†¦. And other things such as blood-stained pillow-slips† You can really see Blanche going mad in this scene as she is almost talking to herself rather than to Mitch and this symbolises the dying of Blanche’s mind. She also has fragmented speech patterns here and if talking about incoherent memories that only she can really understand. – â€Å"Blanche: -and on the way back they would all stagger on to my lawn and call-â€Å"Blanche! Blanche! † – The deaf old lady remaining suspected nothing. But sometimes I slipped outside to answer their calls†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Later the paddy-wagon would gather them up like daisies†¦. the long way home†¦. † Another view on death Tennesse Williams uses is the death of Belle Reve. Shown using Blanche and Stanley, there is a clash between two worlds and the Belle Reve world is dying communicated by Stanley taking power of Blanche and bringing her into their world and getting rid of her airs and graces. He breaks her and makes her realise that her old way of living is dead and that she has to enter the real world. â€Å"In A Streetcar Named Desire the conflict between two ways of life is concentrated within the battle between Blanche and Stanley. The old civilisation vested in Blanche is demonstrably decadent; her only means of survival in the modern world is to batten onto someone else and live off their emotional, physical and material resources, like a decorative fungus. † (Commentary). â€Å"Blanche: I will die – with my hand in the hand of some nice-looking ship’s doctor, a very young one with a small blond moustache and a big silver watch. † â€Å"Blanche: And I’ll be buried at sea sewn up in a clean white sack and dropped overboard-at noon-in the blaze of summer-and into an ocean as blue as (chimes again) my first lover’s eyes. † Blanche brings the equation of sex and death together again here as she is planning of dieing with a man by her side. This speech made by Blanche nearing the end of the play also has a slight reference to Othelia in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Hamlet†. Othelia died in water and that is what Blanche is dreaming about doing. – â€Å"Queen: One woe doth tread upon another’s heel, So fast they follow. Your sister’s drown’d, Laertes. Laer: Drown’d? O, where? † (Hamlet). In conclusion Tennesse Williams uses a lot of different views on death, the connection between sex, the death of other things except people like the death of Belle Reve and Blanche’s mind, and the death of people who happen to all be someone in Blanche’s Past. Williams uses different angles to express the theme of death, symbolism of the death of Belle Reve, the Mexican woman symbolising the death of Blanche’s mind, and the outward talking of real death of people. This makes it an important topic as it depicted in so many ways. Death is defiantly in the running for Tennesse Williams’ best theme in â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire†.

The Operant Conditioning Theory And Its Core Values Essay

Question 2) Identify 2 behaviors the child learned through operant conditioning. Be specific about the operant principles involved in the child’s process of learning each new behavior. As stated by B.F Skinner operant conditioning is a learning method where the behavior is strengthened or weakened by the consequences. B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning theory and its core values can help explain Julie’s behavior. Key concepts in operant conditioning are negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, negative punishment, and positive punishment (Wong, 2012). Operant behavior can change by certain stimuli being provided and the chances of the behavior happening again in the future increase by wanting to remove or avoid the negative consequence. There is also a possibility of a precise behavior happening again depending on the intensity of the association of the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the reinforcement with the behavior (Wong, 2012). For the most part the likelihood of the behavior happening again depends on the consequence. It is evident that Julie is going through a hard time because she no longer has her friend Daisy. Therefore, Julie began isolating herself from others because she could potentially feel that no one understands the way she is feeling about having her friend move to another school. In addition, Julie has learned not to express her feelings in regards of missing her friend Daisy through negative reinforcement because she was teased at school, sheShow MoreRelatedLearning and Memory Worksheet Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pagesand Memory Worksheet Write a 450- to 700-word essay to describe the relationship between classical and operant conditioning. Explain their elements and how they differ from one another. Additionally, provide an example for how learning can occur through each mode of conditioning. Explain how Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner contributed to the study of learning and conditioning. 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